Archive for the ‘smoke’ Category
Wednesday, November 26th, 2008
By eliminating factors that contribute to the musculoskeletal pain, patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) have reported vast improvement and prevented recurrent activation of trigger points. This can be done by:
* Correcting physical asymmetries. Some people are born with gait disturbances, such as one leg that is slightly longer than the other. Leg-length discrepancy due to an anatomically shorter limb or a locked sacroiliac joint can also lead to significant myofascial back pain. The asymmetry caused by these anatomic variations may be corrected with the use of heel lifts, dynamic insoles or buttock lifts.
* Using good posture. Good posture minimizes stress and improves efficiency in the use of muscles. Correcting poor body posture and alignment is an important component of treating patients with MPS.
* Proper ergonomics and body mechanics. Certain jobs and work activities (e.g., data entry, construction, assembly-line workers) are associated with an increased risk of developing cumulative trauma that leads to musculoskeletal disorders, including MPS. Modifying the workplace or the patient’s work habits is important in reducing pain and discomfort. However, in some cases patients may need to change careers.
* Nutrition. Getting proper nutrition ensures that the body has what it needs to function and heal. Deficiencies in vitamins C, B1, B6, B12 and folic acid have been linked to MPS. In addition, eating a well-balanced diet is believed to help improve symptoms of pain, depression, fatigue and headaches.
* Relaxation techniques. Psychological stress may aggravate MPS symptoms by activating TrPs. Relaxation and stress management techniques may be employed to manage stress and pain. Deep breathing, visual imagery and relaxing audio may be used as effective tools for relaxation.
* Exercise. Regular exercise has been shown to decrease pain and increase endurance and is essential for long-term recovery of MPS. A rehabilitation program should include postural and strengthening exercises as well as aerobic conditioning. Posture-enhancing exercises improve musculoskeletal alignment, thereby enhancing balance and promoting relaxation. Strengthening and aerobic conditioning improve not only strength and endurance, but also blood circulation in the muscles.
Muscle soreness may be minimized with relaxation, heat, steady breathing and drinking adequate water. Stretching prior and after exercising is also extremely important to lengthen muscles and maintain their length, help muscles relax, improve ability to move muscles and decrease pain.
* Limiting or avoiding alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking.
* Getting enough rest. Striving for restful sleep is important in the treatment of MPS. Sleep deprivation can be a major factor in the continuation of musculoskeletal pain. Patients are encouraged to get seven to eight hours of sleep each night. A healthy sleep regimen is crucial to improving sleep and includes going to bed at the same time every night, avoiding exercise three hours before going to bed and limiting caffeine and sugar intake before bedtime.
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Thursday, November 20th, 2008
Because of limited clinical research, the causes of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) are not thoroughly understood. However, physicians have identified several factors that can lead to the development of one or more trigger points (TrPs) resulting in chronic musculoskeletal pain. These include:
* Trauma to the musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., muscles, ligaments, tendons, bursae)
* Repetitive motion injuries, such as bursitis or tennis elbow
* Poor posture and ergonomics
* Skeletal asymmetry (e.g., gait disturbances such as leg-length discrepancies, short upper arms)
* Sedentary lifestyle
* Nervous tension or stress
* Clenching or grinding the teeth (bruxism)
* Sleep deprivation
* Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., low levels of calcium, potassium, iron and vitamins C, B1, B6 and B12)
* Hormonal changes, such as occurs during menstruation and menopause
* Chilling areas of the body (e.g., sitting under an air conditioning vent for long periods of time)
* Alcohol
* Smoking cigarettes
* Overexertion
Additionally, many chronic illnesses may activate TrPs, such as:
* Viral or bacterial infections
* Inflammatory diseases including:
- Rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammation of the joints that can lead to damage, pain and reduced movement.
- Fibromyalgia. A rheumatic condition characterized by widespread pain in the joints, muscles, tendons and other soft tissues, among other symptoms. MPS can also co-exist with fibromyalgia.
- Appendicitis, gallbladder or stomach inflammation.
- Lupus. An autoimmune disorder that can affect many systems, including the skin, joints and internal organs.
* Other conditions, such as abnormal levels of blood sugar (e.g., diabetes, hypoglycemia), heart attack, hyperuricemia (buildup of uric acid in the blood, associated with gout and kidney stones), and hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland).
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Friday, July 18th, 2008
You may be able to avoid back pain by improving your physical condition and learning and practicing proper body mechanics.
To keep your back healthy and strong:
* Exercise. Regular low-impact aerobic activities — those that don’t strain or jolt your back — can increase strength and endurance in your back and allow your muscles to function better. Walking and swimming are good choices. Talk with your doctor about which activities are best for you.
* Build muscle strength and flexibility. Abdominal and back muscle exercises (core-strengthening exercises) help condition these muscles so that they work together like a natural corset for your back. Flexibility in your hips and upper legs aligns your pelvic bones to improve how your back feels.
* Quit smoking. Smokers have diminished oxygen levels in their spinal tissues, which can hinder the healing process.
* Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight puts strain on your back muscles. If you’re overweight, trimming down can prevent back pain.
Use proper body mechanics:
* Stand smart. Maintain a neutral pelvic position. If you must stand for long periods of time, alternate placing your feet on a low footstool to take some of the load off your lower back.
* Sit smart. Choose a seat with good lower back support, arm rests and a swivel base. Consider placing a pillow or rolled towel in the small of your back to maintain its normal curve. Keep your knees and hips level.
* Lift smart. Let your legs do the work. Move straight up and down. Keep your back straight and bend only at the knees. Hold the load close to your body. Avoid lifting and twisting simultaneously. Find a lifting partner if the object is heavy or awkward.
Alternative medicine
Many people choose hands-on therapies to ease their back pain:
* Chiropractic care. Back pain is one of the most common reasons that people see a chiropractor. If you’re considering chiropractic care, talk to your doctor about the most appropriate specialist for your type of problem. In addition to chiropractors, many osteopathic doctors and some physical therapists have training in spinal manipulation.
* Acupuncture. Some people with low back pain report that acupuncture helps relieve their symptoms. The National Institutes of Health has found that acupuncture can be an effective treatment for some types of chronic pain. In acupuncture, the practitioner inserts sterilized stainless steel needles into the skin at specific points on the body.
* Massage. If your back pain is caused by tense or overworked muscles, massage therapy may help loosen knotted muscles and promote relaxation.
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Monday, July 14th, 2008
Factors that increase your risk of developing low back pain include:
* Smoking
* Obesity
* Older age
* Female gender
* Physically strenuous work
* Sedentary work
* Stressful job
* Anxiety
* Depression
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