Archive for the ‘stings’ Category
Friday, October 17th, 2008
Controlling dust mites, mold spores, house dust, animal dander, and exposure to pollen can help relieve and prevent allergy symptoms. Refer to the following list for ideas on how to control your environment and for better management of rhinitis (nasal - “hay fever”) symptoms.
In the home
* Regularly air out tight, closed spaces like bathrooms and closets.
* Use a damp, not dry, cloth to dust rooms weekly.
* Reduce the number of indoor plants in your home - they are a breeding ground for mildew.
* Reduce or discard items that are likely to collect dust (e.g., dried flowers and stuffed animals).
* Use a dehumidifier or air conditioner.
* Remember to change air filters regularly in heating and air-conditioning systems.
* Keep windows and doors closed during heavy pollination seasons.
* If possible, replace wall-to-wall carpeting with wood or linoleum floors.
* Use dust masks when cleaning.
Bedrooms
* To relieve nasal congestion, try tilting the head of the bed upwards.
* Use allergen-impermeable covers on mattresses and pillows.
* Wash linens in hot water to kill dust mites.
* Use hypo-allergenic bedding, pillows, and blankets.
Outside
* Avoid the outdoors during early morning hours - this is when pollen levels are highest.
* Try to limit outdoor work - leaves, grass, peat, and mulch are common allergens.
* If you must mow the lawn yourself, remember to use a mask.
* Keep the grass cut short.
Pets
* Keep pets that produce dander (cats and dogs) outside.
* If pets must stay indoors, do not allow them into sleeping areas or rooms with upholstered furniture.
* If you have a young child who is clearly allergic to your pet, you should probably get rid of the pet (we are assuming you would prefer to keep the child), although some physicians may recommend low-dose nasal corticosteroids for the child.
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Saturday, October 11th, 2008
“There is no cure for anaphylaxis, so strict avoidance of triggers is the only way to keep a severe reaction from occurring,” said Anne Muñoz-Furlong, Founder & CEO of FAAN. “For children with severe allergies, even a small exposure can lead to anaphylaxis.” The most common triggers for anaphylaxis are:
* Foods - Any food can trigger an allergic reaction, but the most common are: peanuts, nuts from trees (e.g., walnut, cashew, and Brazil nut), shellfish, fish, milk and eggs. It is important to talk to cafeteria staff and your child about what foods to avoid and not to trade food with other children.
* Stinging Insects - Venom of stinging insects such as yellow jackets, honeybees, paper wasps, hornets and fire ants can cause severe and deadly reactions. Recess exposes children to stinging insects. Teach your child where they are commonly located and how to avoid them.
* Medications - Any medication can trigger a reaction, but the most common drugs that cause anaphylaxis are antibiotics and anti-seizure medications. The school nurse should be aware of what medications your child is allergic to and should have epinephrine available in case of a severe reaction.
* Latex - Products made from natural latex (from the rubber tree) contain allergens that can trigger reactions in sensitive individuals. Inspect the toys in your child’s classroom and inform their teacher about this allergy.
* Exercise - Although rare, exercise can trigger anaphylaxis after eating certain foods before beginning the activity. Inform your child’s physical education teacher of this allergy, and check to see if your child can participate in physical activity before the lunch hour.
“For students, studies show that the most severe allergic reactions, especially to food, occur in the classroom,” said Munoz-Furlong. “Parents, school administrators, teachers, and the school nurse need to develop an action plan before the school year begins to keep these students with allergies safe.”
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Friday, October 10th, 2008
AAAAI and FAAN educate about dangers of anaphylaxis
With the upcoming school year approaching, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) and the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN) are asking every parent of a child with food allergies or a known insect sting allergy to alert their child’s school to the condition and have an action plan ready.
A potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, can be triggered by exposure to one or more allergens, including foods, insect stings, drugs, and latex products. Anaphylaxis can affect multiple areas of the body (such as skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system). Symptoms can include severe headache, nausea and vomiting, sneezing and coughing, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue and throat, itching all over the body, and anxiety. The most dangerous symptoms include difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and shock - all of which can be fatal.
“All school staff must be made aware of the potentially severe nature of an anaphylactic reaction,” said S. Allan Bock , MD , FAAAAI, and Chair of the AAAAI’s Anaphylaxis Committee. “Parents need to work together with teachers, coaches and school nurses to avoid triggers and act quickly if a reaction occurs.”
To protect your child, and prevent anaphylaxis, the AAAAI and FAAN encourage parents to take the following steps before the school year begins:
* Work with an allergist/immunologist to identify your child’s triggers and reinforce these to your child. If possible, provide your child with a medical bracelet or necklace that identifies his or her specific allergy.
* Tour your child’s school or childcare facility before school starts, and meet with the staff to inquire about policies regarding foods and other potential triggers brought into the classroom.
* Provide staff with information and resources to educate them about your child’s allergy. Have your child’s allergist/immunologist provide clear, written instructions on recognizing a reaction early and administering medication in case of a reaction. Inform staff to call 911 immediately if a reaction occurs.
* Teach staff when and how to properly administer medications such as injectable epinephrine, encouraging them to handle the medication and ask questions. Explain to them that they cannot delay in administering medication to your child, and that they are obligated to assist your child and to include him or her in normal school activities. Children with a history of anaphylaxis should carry epinephrine with them at all times.
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Thursday, October 9th, 2008
Going back to school for the year also means recess, physical education and sports. These fun activities can take a turn for the worse if the following triggers aren’t avoided.
* Pollen - microscopic, powdery granules necessary for plant fertilization. The average pollen particle is less than the width of an average human hair. With the start of ragweed season just around the corner, it is important to remember to take your medications 30 minutes before going outside. Also, ask the teacher to close the windows in the classroom to keep the pollen from blowing into the classroom. Review Tips to Remember: Outdoor Allergies for more ideas to protect your child.
* Stinging Insects - severe allergic reactions to insect stings can involve many body organs and may develop rapidly. This reaction is called anaphylaxis. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include itching and hives over large areas of the body, swelling in the throat or tongue, difficulty breathing, dizziness, stomach cramps nausea or diarrhea. Carry injectable epinephrine with you to help control allergic symptoms. Go to Tips to Remember: Stinging Insect Allergy for more information.
* Exercise-Induced Asthma (EIA) - for children with asthma it is common to experience symptoms after about six to eight minutes of physical activity. People with EIA experience coughing, wheezing, tight chest, prolonged and unexpected shortness of breath.
As many as one out of every 10 young athletes has asthma. It should not stop them from enjoying exercise or even high level of competition, but athletes of all levels need to remember to take proper precautions if they have EIA.
Patients with EIA have airways that are overly sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and humidity, especially when breathing colder, drier air. During strenuous activity, people tend to breathe through their mouths, allowing the cold, dry air to reach the lower airways without passing through the warming, humidifying effect of the nose.
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Tuesday, September 30th, 2008
Epinephrine is a medication that is used in emergency rooms and doctor’s offices to treat allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that involves the entire body. It is most commonly caused by foods, drugs and stinging insects. Administering the epinephrine early in anaphylaxis improves the chances of survival and a quick recovery.
People with a history of anaphylaxis should carry an autoinjectable epinephrine with them at all times. As always go to the Emergency Room after you use it for a follow-up from the physician.
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Wednesday, September 24th, 2008
Anaphylaxis is a “systemic reaction,” which means that various parts of the body are affected that are a distance from the allergen’s initial entry site (e.g., a sting site for insects or the stomach for foods). Symptoms of anaphylaxis can vary from mild to severe and are potentially deadly. Here is a list of possible symptoms that may occur alone or in any combination:
* Skin: hives, swelling, itch, warmth, redness, rash
* Breathing: wheezing, shortness of breath, throat tightness, cough, hoarse voice, chest pain/tightness, nasal congestion/hay fever-like symptoms, trouble swallowing
* Stomach: nausea, pain/cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, itchy mouth/throat
* Circulation: pale/blue color, poor pulse, passing-out, dizzy/lightheaded, low blood pressure, shock
* Other: anxiety, feeling of “impending doom,” red/itchy/watery eyes, headache, cramping of the uterus
Reactions usually begin within minutes of exposure, but may be delayed. Sometimes symptoms resolve, only to recur or progress a few hours later. The most dangerous symptoms are low blood pressure, breathing difficulties, shock and loss of consciousness, all of which can be fatal.
There are a variety of medical conditions that may mimic anaphylaxis. These include heart attacks, anxiety attacks, choking and seizures, among others. If you experience any unusual symptoms, it is vitally important to seek immediate medical attention (e.g., call 911) for prompt treatment and to determine the cause of the symptoms.
Substances that trigger reactions
* Foods: Essentially any food can trigger an allergic reaction, but some of the most common ones that cause severe anaphylaxis are: peanuts, nuts from trees (e.g., walnut, cashew, Brazil nut), shellfish, fish, milk and eggs.
* Stinging insects: The venom of stinging insects such as yellow jackets, honeybees, paper wasps, hornets and fire ants cause discomfort for most people who are stung. However, reactions can be severe and even deadly for people with allergies to these venoms.
* Medications: Virtually any medication can trigger an allergic reaction. Common categories of drugs that cause anaphylaxis are antibiotics and anti-seizure medicines. Medical therapies such as certain post-surgery fluids, vaccines, blood and blood products, radiocontrast dyes, pain medications and other drugs may cause anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions.
* Latex: Some products made from natural latex (from the rubber tree) contain allergens that can trigger reactions in sensitive individuals. The greatest danger of severe reactions occurs when latex comes into contact with moist areas of the body or internal surfaces during surgery, because more of the allergen can rapidly be absorbed into the body.
* Exercise: Although rare, exercise can also trigger anaphylaxis. Oddly enough, it does not occur after every exercise session and in some cases, only occurs after eating certain foods before exercise.
* Other: Anaphylaxis has rarely been associated with exposure to seminal fluid, hormones and exposure to extreme temperatures. When no cause is found and the reaction is definitely anaphylaxis, it is termed idiopathic anaphylaxis.
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Monday, September 22nd, 2008
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that may involve the entire body. It can result in trouble breathing, loss of consciousness and even death. Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical treatment, and later follow up care by an allergist/immunologist.
Anaphylaxis can occur in some people after they are exposed to a substance to which they are severely allergic. The most common substances that trigger anaphylaxis are foods, medications, and insect stings. It has been estimated that up to 15% of the population is at risk for anaphylaxis.
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Tuesday, September 16th, 2008
The existence of IgE antibodies is common to all forms of allergic disease. But the physical symptoms differ depending on the type of mediator released and where they act. When a person with allergies begins to experience symptoms, key questions are: What allergens am I reacting to? When, and how much, am I exposed to these substances?
Major allergic diseases include:
* Allergic rhinitis, or “hay fever”
* Allergic conjunctivitis (an eye reaction)
* Asthma
* Atopic dermatitis, or allergic skin reactions
* Urticaria, also known as hives
* Severe allergic reactions to substances such as food, latex, medications, and insect stings
* Problems commonly resulting from allergic rhinitis—sinusitis and otitis media (ear infections)
Symptoms of allergic rhinitis, commonly referred to as “hay fever,” occur when allergens touch the lining of the nose—called the mucus membranes—of a person who is sensitive to that particular allergen. Allergic rhinitis is characterized by congestion, itching and dripping of the nose and itchy, watery eyes. If the person continues to have daily, ongoing exposure to the responsible allergen(s), the symptoms will continue. Similar to allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis occurs when the eyes react to allergens with symptoms of reddening, itching and swelling.
Symptoms of atopic dermatitis, also called eczema, often result from allergen exposure to the skin. Dermatitis symptoms include itching, reddening, and flaking or peeling of the skin. Symptoms begin in childhood for 80% of those with atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis often precedes other allergic disorders; over 50% of those with atopic dermatitis also develop asthma.
Urticaria, or hives, another allergic skin reaction, is characterized by itchy red bumps that can occur in clumps and be either large or small. Hives are often triggered by infection, certain foods or medications. Foods commonly associated with hives include nuts, tomatoes, shellfish and berries. Medications include penicillin, sulfa, anti-seizure medications, phenobarbital and aspirin.
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects more than 17 million Americans and is characterized by coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and wheezing. Allergic rhinitis is considered a risk factor in developing asthma: up to 78% of those with asthma also have allergic rhinitis.
When an individual experiences asthma symptoms, the inflamed airways become constricted so it becomes more difficult to breathe through the narrowed air passages. For people with allergies, inhaling allergens may produce increased inflammation of the airway lining and further narrowing of the air passages. Asthma may also occur as a result of other stimuli, such as respiratory tract infections or exposure to irritants.
Individuals who have allergies to specific foods may have severe and possibly life-threatening reactions if they eat them. The most common food allergy triggers are the proteins in cow’s milk, eggs, peanuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish and tree nuts. Food allergy occurs more frequently in children than adults. Many of these children may lose their sensitivity to particular foods over time.
Foods and other allergens, including penicillin, insect stings and latex, can trigger a severe, systemic allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is caused by swelling throughout the body, and can involve several organ systems. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include a feeling of warmth, flushing, tingling in the mouth or a red, itchy rash. Other symptoms may include feelings of light-headedness, shortness of breath, severe sneezing, anxiety, stomach or uterine cramps, and/or vomiting and diarrhea. In severe cases, patients may experience a drop in blood pressure that results in a loss of consciousness and shock. Without immediate treatment with an injection of epinephrine (adrenalin), anaphylaxis may be fatal.
Sinusitis and otitis media are other common allergic diseases that often are triggered by allergic rhinitis. Sinusitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the nasal sinuses, which are hollow cavities within the cheek bones found around the eyes and behind the nose. This condition affects over 15% of the U.S. population. Otitis media—or ear infections—is the most common childhood disease requiring physician care. If not properly treated, it can affect a child’s speech and language development.
You can learn more about various allergic diseases by reading the appropriate Tips brochures in this series.
Diagnosing and treating allergic reactions
An allergist is best qualified to treat allergic diseases. To determine if you have an allergy, your allergist will take a thorough medical history and perform an exam. If indicated, he or she will then perform allergy skin testing, or sometimes blood testing, to determine precisely which substance is causing your allergy. Once your allergy triggers are identified, your physician can help you establish a treatment program. The first step is to minimize your exposure to your particular allergens to whatever extent possible. Your physician may also prescribe medications to reduce allergic symptoms as well as inflammation.
Immunotherapy, also known as allergy shots, may also be recommended to modify your immune response. For many patients, immunotherapy can help diminish their reactions to allergens. Please see the Tip brochure in this series for more information on allergy shots.
In summary, an allergic reaction is a complex chain of events that involves many cells, chemicals and tissues throughout the body. While there is not yet a cure for allergic disease, there are many treatments available to lessen symptoms. See your allergist to determine the best course of treatment.
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Friday, September 5th, 2008
Some of the most common allergens are:
Foods. Food allergies are most common in infants and often go away as a child gets older. Although some food allergies can be serious, many simply cause annoying symptoms like an itchy rash, a stuffy nose, and diarrhea. Most allergy specialists agree that the foods that people are most commonly allergic to are milk and other dairy products, eggs, wheat, soy, peanuts and tree nuts, and seafood.
Insect bites and stings. The venom (poison) in insect bites and stings causes allergic reactions in many people. These allergies can be severe and may cause an anaphylactic reaction in some people.
Airborne particles. These are often called environmental allergens, and they’re the most common allergens. Some examples of airborne particles that can cause allergies in people are dust mites (tiny bugs that live in house dust); mold spores; animal dander (flakes of scaly, dried skin, and dried saliva from your pets); and pollen from grass, ragweed, and trees.
Medicines. Antibiotics — medications used to treat infections — are the most common types of medicines that cause allergic reactions. Many other medicines, including over-the-counter medications (those you can buy without a prescription), can also cause allergic reactions.
Chemicals. Some cosmetics or laundry detergents can cause people to break out in an itchy rash (hives). Usually, this is because the person has a reaction to the chemicals in these products. Dyes, household cleaners, and pesticides used on lawns or plants can also cause allergic reactions in some people.
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Tuesday, August 5th, 2008
Allergies causes
* The air we breathe in which we can find pollen from plants, household dust, fungi and animal hair.
* Foods such as fish, eggs and dried fruit.
* Drugs such as aspirin and penicillin.
* Stings from insects such as bees.
* Cosmetics and industrial products that make skin contact.
The difference between an allergen is a substance that causes allergy and a bacterial or viral antigen is that while one serves as a defense, another cause flu, and the allergic person is genetically predisposed, that is, not every person have allergies, unless they are too exposed to an allergen and are genetically predisposed. The allergy is not a congenital disease, was not born with it.
Symptoms
The organs most affected are the eyes nose, respiratory and skin, ie bodies that are exposed to the environment and symptoms vary depending on the organ affected.
* Digestive system: you can submit diarrhea and abdominal pain.
* Eyes: redness may appear.
* Nose: presents a watery secretion of mucus and itching.
* Skin: eczema appear.
* Lungs: presents obstruction of the bronchi.
The allergic reaction in the eyes is known as conjunctivitis, in the nose, rhinitis, in the skin may have dermatitis, in the airways, may have bronchitis, laryngitis or asthma.
Risk Factors Prevention
If they are not treated in time, allergies can be progressive, so it is very important prevention and one of our campaigns is to prevent allergic diseases. During gestation should be avoided exposure to snuff. It also should be aware our children about the risks associated with the snuff. Another preventive measure is to avoid as much as possible exposure to environmental allergens. Dr. Huerta said that in our country less than half of people with allergies are attended by doctors, and the remaining cases are dealt with by pharmacists, acupuncturists, yerbero and comadres. Only 1% of allergic patients had been attended by a doctor otolaryngologist, 1% by an allergy, 1% by a neurologist, and 20% by a pediatrician.
If a person suffers from allergies not served properly, it may be due to lack of information. The Mexican Foundation for the Study and Dissemination of allergy is created because
* Allergic rhinitis affects more than 66 million people in the world.
* The overall cost per year of medicines, consultations and lost work time exceeds 20 billion dollars.
* The cost of medicines for allergies is estimated at 8 billion dollars in the world.
* The prevalence of allergy seasonal peak is in adolescence and early adulthood.
* For those who suffer from some form of allergy can find a better quality of life through educational programs troops on the proper care of allergy.
* We all need awareness about the types of allergies, treatment and management.
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