Archive for the ‘pollen’ Category
Wednesday, November 5th, 2008
Avoiding triggers is your first defence against an asthma attack. Below are some common asthma triggers and their remedies. Making these simple lifestyle changes to avoid your asthma triggers can go a long way toward preventing attacks.
* pollen (grasses, trees, weeds): Keep doors and windows closed and use air conditioning to keep pollen out.
* dust mites (found in carpet, furniture, pillows): Use special coverings for mattresses and pillows. Remove carpets in bedrooms. Wash bedding in very hot water. Keep humidity in the room between 30% and 40%.
* animal hair and dander: Pet removal is the best way to avoid pet allergen. If you have pets, keep them out of bedrooms and off furniture.
* mould: Get a dehumidifier to eliminate mould. Avoid freshly cut grass.
* environment (smoke, pollution, cold air): Stop smoking and avoid all smoky areas. Stay indoors when the outside air quality is poor. Cover your nose and mouth in cold weather.
* exercise: Use your reliever medication 10 to 15 minutes before exercising. Warm up and cool down for 3 to 5 minutes.
Although avoiding triggers is an important part of asthma management, it is not always possible to escape them completely. Therefore, medications are often needed to prevent and treat asthma symptoms.
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Friday, October 31st, 2008
The cause of asthma is poorly understood, but it may be partly inherited. Everyone’s lungs are sensitive to different things such as pollen, air pollution, or strong chemicals. In simple terms, people with asthma have lungs that are more sensitive than average.
There are three processes in the lungs that produce asthma symptoms. First, the inner linings of the airways become inflamed. They swell up, leaving less room for air to pass through. Second, the muscles around the airways can tighten, closing them further. Finally, the airways produce mucus in response to the inflammation, clogging the shrunken tubes.
Asthma is in part an allergic response. It may be triggered by some external substance that particularly irritates your lungs. These triggers are often small protein particles called allergens. Some people are sensitive to more than one trigger. Common allergens include:
* grass, tree, and ragweed pollen
* moulds
* house dust mites
* cockroach particles
* animal dander
Other people can get an asthma attack from something they swallow rather than breathe. Examples of these triggers include:
* ASA* and other anti-inflammatory medications
* preservatives found in some drinks or foods
* nuts or shrimp
While most people develop asthma as children, adults can become asthmatic by being exposed to allergens for a long time. People who work with the following products may be at increased risk:
* foams and paints
* antibiotics
* cotton and flax
* detergents
* grains and cereals
* insulation and packaging materials
Asthma attacks can also be triggered by non-allergic irritants such as:
* viral infections such as the common cold or the flu
* laughing hard, crying, shouting
* smog and smoke
* strong smells (e.g., paint fumes, perfumes, cleaning products)
* suddenly breathing cold air
* vigorous exercise
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Tuesday, October 28th, 2008
There are several factors that can trigger asthma symptoms. These factors are known as asthma triggers. Everybody has their own set of triggers.
Common asthma triggers include:
* allergens (substances that trigger allergies by causing an immune response):
o mould
o pollen
o animal dander
o cockroaches
o dust mites
* irritants (substances that irritate the airways):
o smoking
o secondhand smoke
o strong odours, such as paint fumes
o cold air
o air pollution
o humidity
* food additives (e.g., sulphites)
* viral infections
* physical activity
* stress
* gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
* certain medications (e.g., beta-blockers, ASA (Aspirin®) and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs))
Asthma triggers irritate your airways and cause them to become narrow and inflamed, which makes it difficult to breathe. You can control asthma symptoms and reduce your need for medication by avoiding exposure to common asthma triggers.
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Wednesday, October 22nd, 2008
Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever or pollinosis, literally means “allergic nose inflammation,” where rhino means “to do with the nose” and the ending -itis simply refers to inflammation.
Allergic rhinitis can either be seasonal or year-round. In most people, an allergen - something that triggers an allergy - sets their symptoms off at about the same time each year. Spring attacks are usually due to tree pollen, while grass pollens dominate in the summer and weed pollens in the autumn. Most people with allergic rhinitis are sensitive to more than one allergen.
Perennial allergic rhinitis appears year-round. This condition is most common in people with allergies to allergens that are present all year. Naturally, people who are allergic to house dust mites or to their own pets tend to suffer no matter the season. Allergic rhinitis affects about 20% of Canadians.
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Friday, October 17th, 2008
Controlling dust mites, mold spores, house dust, animal dander, and exposure to pollen can help relieve and prevent allergy symptoms. Refer to the following list for ideas on how to control your environment and for better management of rhinitis (nasal - “hay fever”) symptoms.
In the home
* Regularly air out tight, closed spaces like bathrooms and closets.
* Use a damp, not dry, cloth to dust rooms weekly.
* Reduce the number of indoor plants in your home - they are a breeding ground for mildew.
* Reduce or discard items that are likely to collect dust (e.g., dried flowers and stuffed animals).
* Use a dehumidifier or air conditioner.
* Remember to change air filters regularly in heating and air-conditioning systems.
* Keep windows and doors closed during heavy pollination seasons.
* If possible, replace wall-to-wall carpeting with wood or linoleum floors.
* Use dust masks when cleaning.
Bedrooms
* To relieve nasal congestion, try tilting the head of the bed upwards.
* Use allergen-impermeable covers on mattresses and pillows.
* Wash linens in hot water to kill dust mites.
* Use hypo-allergenic bedding, pillows, and blankets.
Outside
* Avoid the outdoors during early morning hours - this is when pollen levels are highest.
* Try to limit outdoor work - leaves, grass, peat, and mulch are common allergens.
* If you must mow the lawn yourself, remember to use a mask.
* Keep the grass cut short.
Pets
* Keep pets that produce dander (cats and dogs) outside.
* If pets must stay indoors, do not allow them into sleeping areas or rooms with upholstered furniture.
* If you have a young child who is clearly allergic to your pet, you should probably get rid of the pet (we are assuming you would prefer to keep the child), although some physicians may recommend low-dose nasal corticosteroids for the child.
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Monday, October 13th, 2008
Allergies are triggered by various allergy-causing substances (allergens) such as pollens, molds, and animal dander. In the springtime, typical allergens are pollens that come from grasses and trees. During the rest of the year, other allergens such as pet dander, mites found within house dust, and molds are common.
Most people who have allergies have inherited them; however, allergies can develop on their own later in life. People with allergies have an antibody called IgE (immunoglobulin E). This substance causes an excessive reaction to allergens. Typical allergy symptoms include repetitive and prolonged sneezing, runny or plugged nose, itchy, watery, red or swollen eyes, and itchy throat. Other common allergic reactions include skin and intestinal problems, such as hives, itchiness, rashes, diarrhea and headache.
Are allergies life-threatening?
Allergies are rarely life-threatening, but serious allergic reactions can occur. These include swelling of the respiratory passages, shortness of breath, and anaphylactic reaction. People who suffer from allergies have an increased chance of developing respiratory infections and may be more susceptible to developing asthma. The majority of allergy sufferers are affected by reduced efficiency in daily activities, decreased energy levels, and a reduced quality of life.
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Friday, October 10th, 2008
AAAAI and FAAN educate about dangers of anaphylaxis
With the upcoming school year approaching, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) and the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN) are asking every parent of a child with food allergies or a known insect sting allergy to alert their child’s school to the condition and have an action plan ready.
A potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, can be triggered by exposure to one or more allergens, including foods, insect stings, drugs, and latex products. Anaphylaxis can affect multiple areas of the body (such as skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system). Symptoms can include severe headache, nausea and vomiting, sneezing and coughing, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue and throat, itching all over the body, and anxiety. The most dangerous symptoms include difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and shock - all of which can be fatal.
“All school staff must be made aware of the potentially severe nature of an anaphylactic reaction,” said S. Allan Bock , MD , FAAAAI, and Chair of the AAAAI’s Anaphylaxis Committee. “Parents need to work together with teachers, coaches and school nurses to avoid triggers and act quickly if a reaction occurs.”
To protect your child, and prevent anaphylaxis, the AAAAI and FAAN encourage parents to take the following steps before the school year begins:
* Work with an allergist/immunologist to identify your child’s triggers and reinforce these to your child. If possible, provide your child with a medical bracelet or necklace that identifies his or her specific allergy.
* Tour your child’s school or childcare facility before school starts, and meet with the staff to inquire about policies regarding foods and other potential triggers brought into the classroom.
* Provide staff with information and resources to educate them about your child’s allergy. Have your child’s allergist/immunologist provide clear, written instructions on recognizing a reaction early and administering medication in case of a reaction. Inform staff to call 911 immediately if a reaction occurs.
* Teach staff when and how to properly administer medications such as injectable epinephrine, encouraging them to handle the medication and ask questions. Explain to them that they cannot delay in administering medication to your child, and that they are obligated to assist your child and to include him or her in normal school activities. Children with a history of anaphylaxis should carry epinephrine with them at all times.
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Thursday, October 9th, 2008
Going back to school for the year also means recess, physical education and sports. These fun activities can take a turn for the worse if the following triggers aren’t avoided.
* Pollen - microscopic, powdery granules necessary for plant fertilization. The average pollen particle is less than the width of an average human hair. With the start of ragweed season just around the corner, it is important to remember to take your medications 30 minutes before going outside. Also, ask the teacher to close the windows in the classroom to keep the pollen from blowing into the classroom. Review Tips to Remember: Outdoor Allergies for more ideas to protect your child.
* Stinging Insects - severe allergic reactions to insect stings can involve many body organs and may develop rapidly. This reaction is called anaphylaxis. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include itching and hives over large areas of the body, swelling in the throat or tongue, difficulty breathing, dizziness, stomach cramps nausea or diarrhea. Carry injectable epinephrine with you to help control allergic symptoms. Go to Tips to Remember: Stinging Insect Allergy for more information.
* Exercise-Induced Asthma (EIA) - for children with asthma it is common to experience symptoms after about six to eight minutes of physical activity. People with EIA experience coughing, wheezing, tight chest, prolonged and unexpected shortness of breath.
As many as one out of every 10 young athletes has asthma. It should not stop them from enjoying exercise or even high level of competition, but athletes of all levels need to remember to take proper precautions if they have EIA.
Patients with EIA have airways that are overly sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and humidity, especially when breathing colder, drier air. During strenuous activity, people tend to breathe through their mouths, allowing the cold, dry air to reach the lower airways without passing through the warming, humidifying effect of the nose.
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Thursday, September 11th, 2008
Allergy shots are also referred to as allergen immunotherapy. By receiving injections of small amounts of an allergen, your body can gradually develop antibodies and undergo other immune system changes. These changes help block the reaction caused by the substance to which you’re allergic.
Immunotherapy is only recommended for specific allergies, such as allergies to things you might breathe in (like pollen or pet dander) or insect allergies. Immunotherapy doesn’t help with some allergies, like food allergies.
Although a lot of people find the thought of allergy shots unsettling, shots can be highly effective — and it doesn’t take long to get used to them. In many cases, the longer a person receives allergy shots, the more they help the body build up antibodies that fight the allergies. Although the shots don’t cure allergies, they do tend to raise a person’s tolerance when exposed to the allergen, which means fewer or less severe symptoms.
If you’re severely allergic to bites and stings, talk to a doctor about getting venom immunotherapy (shots) from an allergist.
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Friday, September 5th, 2008
Some of the most common allergens are:
Foods. Food allergies are most common in infants and often go away as a child gets older. Although some food allergies can be serious, many simply cause annoying symptoms like an itchy rash, a stuffy nose, and diarrhea. Most allergy specialists agree that the foods that people are most commonly allergic to are milk and other dairy products, eggs, wheat, soy, peanuts and tree nuts, and seafood.
Insect bites and stings. The venom (poison) in insect bites and stings causes allergic reactions in many people. These allergies can be severe and may cause an anaphylactic reaction in some people.
Airborne particles. These are often called environmental allergens, and they’re the most common allergens. Some examples of airborne particles that can cause allergies in people are dust mites (tiny bugs that live in house dust); mold spores; animal dander (flakes of scaly, dried skin, and dried saliva from your pets); and pollen from grass, ragweed, and trees.
Medicines. Antibiotics — medications used to treat infections — are the most common types of medicines that cause allergic reactions. Many other medicines, including over-the-counter medications (those you can buy without a prescription), can also cause allergic reactions.
Chemicals. Some cosmetics or laundry detergents can cause people to break out in an itchy rash (hives). Usually, this is because the person has a reaction to the chemicals in these products. Dyes, household cleaners, and pesticides used on lawns or plants can also cause allergic reactions in some people.
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